Asociación de Megafauna Paleozoica (Trilobites) provenientes del Pozo CPO 17 EST 12 Cuenca de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32685/0120-1425/bol.geol.52.1.2025.748Keywords:
Llano Orientales Basin, Bioestratigraphy, Paleozoic, Trilobites, Brachiopods
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Servicio Geológico Colombiano
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Published
Abstract
The results of the analysis of macrofauna from eight samples of core 14 taken in the CPO 17-EST. 12 well are presented. This well is in the Paleozoic Meta sub-basin of the Eastern Llanos Basin of Colombia (LLO). The trilobite association is not diverse and consists of olenids, assignable to the Triarthrinae subfamily, and a fragment that could belong to the Trinucleidae family. The presence of the genus Porterfieldia can be determined with certainty. Likewise, the occurrence of a linguliform brachiopod specimen that can be associated with the family Obolidae is also recorded. The macrofaunal association allows assigning to the sediments analyzed in well CPO 17-EST. 12 an Ordovician range, Floian to Darriwilian interval. The sediments analyzed in well CPO 17-EST. 12 are basically correlatable with the section drilled in the Negritos-1 well, which was assigned an Ordovician range, Floian–Dapingian interval, with faunal differences possibly related to environmental variations. Although the wells La Heliera-1 and CPO 17-EST. 12 drilled Ordovician sediments, the sediments in the La Heliera-1 well are Tremadocian and correspond to an interval stratigraphically lower than the one drilled in the CPO 17-EST. 12 well. Most trilobite genera in Eastern Llanos Basin during the Tremadocian–Darriwilian are cosmopolitan. However, the presence of Porterfieldia and Anebolithus in the Floian–Darriwilian indicates a faunal affinity with other regions of the northwestern Gondwanan margin, particularly with the South American margin and the Avalonian terrane.
References
Aceñolaza, F. G. y Aceñolaza, G. F. (1992). The genus Jujuyaspis as a world reference fossil for the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary. En B. D. Webby y J. R. Laurie (eds.), Global Perspectives on Ordovician Geology, p. 115-120. Balkema: Rotterdam.
Adrain, J. M. (2011). Class Trilobita Walch, 1771. En Z.-Q. Zhang (Ed.), Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148(1): 104–109.
ANH-SGC 2022 Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos-Servicio Geologico Colombiano 2022. Proyecto Paleozoico Llanos Orientales 2022
Angelin, N. P. (1851). Palaeontologia Suecica. Pars I. Iconographia Crustaceorum Formationis Transitionis Fasc. I. 24 pp. Weigel, Lund.
Arminio, J. F., Yoris, F., Quijada, C., Lugo, J. M., Shaw, D., Keegan, J. B. y Marshall, J. E. A. (2013). Evidence for Precambrian stratigraphy in graben basins below the Eastern Llanos Foreland, Colombia. Conference and Exhibition. American Association Petroleum Geologists International. Cartagena, p. 1–35.
Arnold, H. C. y Smith, W. R. (1964). Paleozoic Rocks of Merida Andes, Venezuela. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 48(1): 70–84.
Baldis, B. A. J. y Pöthe de Baldis. E. D. (1995). Trilobites ordovícicos de la formación Las Aguaditas (San Juan, Argentina) y consideraciones estratigráficas. Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Córdoba, 60: 409–448.
Baldis, B. A., Gonzáles, B. S. y Perez, V. E. (1984). Trilobites tremadocianos de la Formación Negritos (Perforación “La Heliera - 1”), Llanos de Colombia. III Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología, 28–41. México.
Benedetto, J. L. y Muñoz, D. F. (2016). Plectorthoid brachiopods from the Lower Ordovician of north-western Argentina; phylogenetic relationships with Tarfaya Havlíček and the origin of heterorthids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 15: 43–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2016.1144086
Billings, E. (1865). Paleozoic Fossils, vol. 1. Geological Survey of Canada, 1–426.
Brøgger, W. C. (1882). Die Silurischen Etagen 2 und 3 in Kristianiagebiet und auf Eker. Universitats Programm 32, semestre 1882, Kristiania, 1–376.
Brongniart, A. (1822). Les trilobites, En A. Brongniart y A. G. Desmarest, Histoire naturelle des crustacés fossiles, sous les rapports zoologiques et géologiques, p. 1–65. Paris: F. G. Levrault.
Bulman, O. M. (1970). Part V, Graptolithina with sections on Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia, ch. 3, p. 95–157. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas, US.
Burmeister, H. (1843). Die Organisation der Trilobiten, aus ihren lebenden Verwandten entwickelt: nebst einer systematischen Übersicht aller zeither beschriebenen Arten. De Gruyter, Incorporated.
Cocks, L. R. M. y Torsvik, T. H. (2002). Earth geography from 500 to 400 million years ago: a faunal and palaeomagnetic review. Journal of the Geological Society, 159(6): 631-644. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-764901-118
Cooper, B. N. (1953). Trilobites from the lower Champlainian formations of the Appalachian Valley. Memoire of the Geological Society of America, 55: 1–69.
Cooper, G. A. (1956). Chazyan and related Brachiopods. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 127: 1–1245.
Cuen-Romero, F. J., Buitrón-Sánchez, B. E., Beresi, M. S., Palafox-Reyes, J. J. y Monreal, R. (2023). Ordovician stratigraphy and biota of Mexico. En T. Servais, D. A. T. Harper, B. Lefebvre y I. G. Percival (eds.), A Global Synthesis of the Ordovician System: Part 2, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP533-2022-19
Dueñas, H. (2001). Paleozoic palynological assemblages from the Llanos Orientales Basin. Colombia 4th Annual Meeting American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists. Proceedings (pp. 16), San Antonio, USA.
Dueñas J., H. y Galvis J. V. (2020). Presencia de fósiles del Neoproterozoico en Colombia. I Congreso Colombiano de Paleontología, Villa de Leyva.
Dueñas, H. y Césari, S. N. (2006). Palynological evidence of Early Carboniferous sedimentation in the Llanos Orientales Basin, Colombia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 138(1): 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2005.10.002
Dueñas-Jiménez, H. y Montalvo-Jónsson, J. (2020). Neoproterozoic records of the Llanos Orientales Basin, Colombia. The Geology of Colombia, 1: 91–99.
Dueñas-Jiménez, H., Corredor-Bohórquez, V. E. y Montalvo-Jónsson, J. (2020). Paleontology of the Paleozoic rocks of the Llanos Orientales basin, Colombia. The Geology of Colombia, 1: 133–148.
Edgecombe, G. D., Chatterton, B. D., Vaccari, N. E. y Waisfeld, B. G. (2005). Triarthrinid trilobites (Olenidae) from the Middle and Upper Ordovician, Precordillera of Argentina. Journal of Paleontology, 79: 89–109. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079%3C0089:TTOFTM%3E2.0.CO;2
Eichwald, E. v. (1840). Ueber das silurische Schichtensystem in Esthland. Zeitschrift für Natur- und Heilkunde der medizinischen Akademie zu St. Petersburg, 1: 1–222.
Elles, G. L. y Wood, E. M. (1901). A Monograph of British Graptolites. Part 1. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society, 55(260): 1–54.
Fortey, R. A. (1974). The Ordovician Trilobites of Spitsbergen l. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter, 160: 1–129.
Fortey, R. A. y Owens, R. M. (1978). Early Ordovician (Arenig) stratigraphy and faunas of the Carmarthen district, south-west Wales. Bulletin of the British Museum, Natural History. Geology, 30: 225–294, 11 pls.
Gorjansky, V. J. (1 969). Inarticulate brachiopods of the Cambrian and Ordovician of the northwest Russian Platform. Ministerstvo Geologii RSFSR, Severo-Zapadnoe Territorialnoe Geologicheskoe Upravlenie 6: 1–173.
Green, J. (1832). A monograph of the trilobites of North America: with coloured models of the species (pp. 93). Philadelphia.
Gutiérrez-Marco, J. C., Gómez, C. y Sarmiento, G. N. (2006). El Ordovícico de la Cordillera Central colombiana y su correlación con Perú. XIII Congreso Peruano de Geología, 623–626. Sociedad Geológica del Perú.
Gutiérrez-Marco, J. C., Sarmiento, G. N., y Gómez-González, C. (2007). First Ordovician conodonts from Colombia. Acta Paleontologica Sinica, 6, 170–175.
Hall, J. (1858). Note upon the genus Graptolithus, and description of some remarkable new forms from the shales of the Hudson River Group, discovered in the investigations of the Geological Survey of Canada, under the direction of Sir WE Logan, FRS. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, 3: 139-150.
Hansen, T. (2009). Trilobites of the middle Ordovician Elnes formation of the Oslo Region, Norway. En Trilobites of the Middle Ordovician Elnes Formation of the Oslo Region, Norway (pp. 215).
Harrington, H. J. (1938). Sobre las faunas del Ordoviciano inferior del norte argentino. Revista del Museo de la Plata, 1(4): 109–289.
Harrington, H. J. y Kay, M. (1951). Cambrian and Ordovician faunas of Eastern Colombia. Journal of Paleontology, 25: 655–668.
Harrington, H. J. y Leanza, A. F. (1957). Ordovician trilobites of Argentina. Department of Geology, University of Kansas, Special Publication, 1: 1–276.
Havliček, V. (1980). Inarticulate brachiopods in the Lower Ordovician of the Montagne Noire (South France). Memoire de la Societe d’Etudes Scientifiques de l`Aude 1980: 3–11.
Hawle, I. y Corda A. J. C. (1847). Prodom einer Monographie der böhmischen Trilobiten. Abhandlungen der Königliche böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Abhandlung 5, 1–176. Prague.
Holmer, L. E. y Popov, L. E. (2000). Lingulata. En Williams, A., Brunton, C. H. C., Carlson, S. J., et al. (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, part H, Brachiopoda, revised, v. 2. (pp. 30–146). Geological Society of America, Boulder, and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.
Holmer, L. E. y Popov, L. E. (2007). Linguliformea. En Williams, A., Brunton, C.H.C., Carlson, S.J., et al. (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, part H, Brachiopoda (revised), vol. 7 (supplement). (pp. 2 532–2 559). Geological Society of America, Boulder, and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.
Holmer, L. E., Popov, L. E., Ghobadi Pour, M., Zhang, Z. y Zhang, Z. (2017). Unusually pitted Ordovician brachiopods from the East Baltic: the significance of coarsely pitted ornamentations in linguliforms. Papers in Palaeontology, 3, 387–399. https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1080
Hughes, C. P. y Wright, A. J. (1970). The trilobites Incaia Whittard 1955 and Anebolithus gen. nov. Palaeontology, 13(4): 677–690, pls. 127–128.
Hughes, C. P., Ingham, J. K. y Addison, R. (1975). The morphology, classification and evolution of the Trinucleidae (Trilobita). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, 272(920): 537–604. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1975.0100
Hughes, C. P., Rickards, R. B. y Williams, A. (1980). The Ordovician fauna from the Contaya Formation of eastern Perú. Geological Magazine, 117(1): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800033057
Ingham, J. K. y Tripp, R. P. (1991). The trilobite fauna of the Middle Ordovician Doularg Formation of the Girvan district, Scotland, and its palaeoenvironmental significance. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 82: 27–54.
Kayser, E. (1876). Über primordiale und untersilurische Fossilien aus der Argentinischen Republik. Palaeontographica, Supplementum 3, Lieferung 2, Theil II.
King, W. (1846). Remarks on certain genera belonging to the class Palliobranchiata. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (series 1), 18: 26-42, 83-94.
Klishevich, V. y Kolobova, I. (1990). Kobosnovaniyu vozrasta toluskoj serii (Severnyj Tyan'-Shan'). Ezheg. Vses. Paleontol. Obshch., 33: 219–235.
Kobayashi, T. (1936). On the Parabolinella fauna from Jujuy Province, Argentina. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography,13:85–102.
Kutorga, S. S. (1848). Über die Brachiopoden-Familie der Siphonotretacea. Russich-Kaiserliche Mineralogische Gesellschaft Verhandlungen 1846: 87–139.
Landing, E. D., Westrop, S. R., & Keppie, J. D. (2007). Terminal Cambrian and lowest Ordovician succession of Mexican West Gondwana: biotas and sequence stratigraphy of the Tiñu Formation. Geological Magazine, 144(6): 909-936. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756807003585
Legg, D. P. (1976). Ordovician trilobites and graptolites from the Canning Basin, Western Australia. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 10: 1–58.
Lu, Y., Zhang, W. Z., Qian, Y. y Xiang, L. (1965). Trilobites of China. Science Press, Beijing. [In Chinese].
Ludvigsen, R. y Tuffnell, P. A. (1983). A revision of the Ordovician olenid trilobite Triarthrus Green. Geological Magazine, 120: 567–577. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800027722
Månsson, K. (1998). Middle Ordovician olenid trilobites (Triarthrus Green and Porterfieldia Cooper) from Jämtland, central Sweden. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 89(1): 47–62.
Moreno Sánchez, M., Gómez Cruz, A. D. J. y Castillo González, H. (2008). Graptolitos del Ordovícico y geología de los afloramientos del río Venado (norte del departamento del Huila). Boletín de Geología, 30: 9–19.
Nikolaisen, F. (1965). The middle Ordovician of the Oslo region, Norway, 18. Rare trilobites of the family Olenidae, Harpidae, Ityophoridae and Cheiruridae. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 45: 231–248.
Öpik, A. (1939). Brachiopoden und Ostrakoden aus dem Expansusschiefer Norwegens. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 19: 117–142.
Owen, A. W. y Parkes, M. A. (2000). Trilobite faunas of the Duncannon Group: Caradoc stratigraphy, environments and palaeobiogeography of the Leinster Terrane, Ireland. Palaeontology, 43(2): 219–269.
Pouille, L., Danelian, T., Pour, M. G. y Popov, L. E. (2013). New and revised inaniguttid Radiolaria and associated trilobites from the upper Darriwilian (Ordovician) Shundy Formation of Kazakhstan. Journal of Paleontology, 87(6): 1143–1159.
Raymond, P. E. (1920). The appendages, anatomy and relationships of trilobites. Memories of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 7: 1–169, 11 pls.
Raymond, P. E. (1925). Some trilobites of the lower Middle Ordovician of eastern North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 67(1): 1–180.
Resser, C. E. (1935). Nomenclature of some Cambrian trilobites. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 93(5):1-46.
Robison, R. A. y Pantoja-Alor, J. (1968). Tremadocian trilobites from the Nochixtlán region, Oaxaca, Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 42 (3): 767-800.
Rushton, A. W. A. (1963). Paradoxides from Colombia. Geological Magazine, 100(3): 255–257.
Salter, J. (1 866). Appendix: On the fossils of North Wales. Geological Survey of Great Britain, Memoir 3: 240–381.
Sánchez, T. M. y Waisfeld, B. G. (1995). Benthic assemblages in the northwestern of Gondwana: A test of the Ordovician evolutionary radiation model. En J.D. Cooper, M.L. Droser, S.C. Finney (eds.), Ordovician Odyssey: Short papers for the seventh international symposium on the Ordovician system (pp. 409–412).
Schuchert, C. y Cooper, G. A. (1932). Brachiopod genera of the Suborder Orthoidea and Pentameroidea, with notes on the Telotremata. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 4: 1–270.
Swinnerton, H. H. (1915) Suggestions for a revised classification of trilobites. Geological Magazine (new series, decade VI), 2: 487–496, 538–545.
Tortello, M. F. y Clarkson, E. N. (2003). Ontogeny of the Early Ordovician olenid trilobite Jujuyaspis keideli Kobayashi from northwestern Argentina. Ameghiniana, 40 (3): 257–275.
Tortello, M. F., Esteban, S. B. y Aceñolaza, G. F. (2002). Trilobites from the base of the Ordovician System in Northwestern Argentina. En F. G. Aceñolaza (Ed.), Aspects of the Ordovician System in Argentina. Serie Correlación Geológica, Tucumán, 16: 131–142.
Tortello, M. F. y Peralta, S. (2004). Trilobites del Miembro Inferior de la Formación Gualcamayo (Llanvirniano temprano) en el Cerro La Chilca, Precordillera de San Juan, Argentina. Boletín Geológico y Minero (Madrid), 115(4): 665-682.
Tripp, R. P. (1980). Trilobites from the Ordovician Balclatchie and lower Ardwell groups of the Girvan district, Scotland. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 71(3): 123–145.
Ulloa, C., Pérez, V. E. y Baldis, B. (1982). Unidades litoestratigráficas del Ordovícico de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia. V Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología. Memoirs, 1: 109–120. Buenos Aires.
Ulrich, E. O. (1930). Systematic paleontology, Trilobita. En J. Bridge (Ed.), Geology of the Eminence and Cardareva quadrangles (pp. 212–222, pls. 19–21). Bureau of Geology and Mines (Rolla), series 2, 24.
Ulrich, E. O. y Cooper, G. A. (1938). Ozarkian and Canadian Brachiopoda. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 13: 1–323.
Vaccari, N. E. y Waisfeld, B. G. (2010). Kainella Walcott, 1925 (Trilobita, Ordovícico Temprano) en el noroeste de Argentina y sur de Bolivia: Paleontología sistemática. Ameghiniana, 47(3): 273–292.
Villarroel, C., Macia, C. y Brieva, J. (1997). Formación Venado, nueva unidad litoestratigráfica del Ordovícico colombiano. Geología Colombiana, 22: 41–49.
Waisfeld, B. G. (2001). Trilobites of the family Olenidae from the Lower Ordovician (Arenigian) of the Argentine Cordillera Oriental. Ameghiniana, 38(2): 195–211.
Waisfeld, B. G. y Vaccari, N. E. (2009). Trilobites from the Suri Formation (Lower Ordovician; Floian), Famatina Belt, Argentina. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists, 37: 407-426.
Walch, E. I. (1771). Die Naturgeschichte der versteinerungen zur erläuterung der Knorrischen Sammlung von Merkwürdigkeiten der Natur. Dritter Theil. 235pp. Felßecker, Nürnberg.
Weber, V. N. (1948). Trilobites of the Silurian deposits of the USSR. Part 1. The Lower Silurian trilobites. Monografii po Paleontologii SSR, 69: 1–111.
Whittard, W. F. (1961). The Ordovician trilobites of the Shelve Inlier, West Shropshire. Part V. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society, 163–196, 22–25 pls.
Williams, A., Carlson, S., Brunton, C. H. C., Holmer, L. E., & Popov, L. E. (1 996). A supra-ordinal classification of the Brachiopoda. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 351: 1117–1193.
Zhang, T. (1990). Discovery of the Ordovician trilobites in Altun Mountains, Xinjiang. Xinjiang Geology, 8: 242–255. [In Chinese].
Zhou, Z. Y. y Zhen, Y. Y. (2008). Trilobite record of China. Beijing: Science Press, 1, 402.
Zhou, Z. Q., Li, J. S. y Qu, X. G. (1982). Trilobita. In Palaeontological Atlas of Northwest China, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Volume (1): Precambrian - Lower Palaeozoic (pp. 215–294). Geological Publishing House, Beijing. [In Chinese]
